An ocean of water is found 620 miles below Earth's surface
Nov 25, 2016 23:00:22 GMT -5
Post by schwartzie on Nov 25, 2016 23:00:22 GMT -5
An ocean of water is found 620 miles below Earth's surface - and if it dries up, life on our planet could END
Two studies found evidence of oceans of water in Earth's lower mantle
It is unclear how much water is being stored, but previous studies suggest it could be the same amount as all the oceans put together
Without this water, life on Earth would cease to exist
By SHIVALI BEST FOR MAILONLINE
PUBLISHED: 12:55 EST, 25 November 2016 | UPDATED: 13:03 EST, 25 November 2016
Water covers around 70 per cent of the Earth's surface, but a huge amount also lies inside our planet.
Two new studies suggest that there may be vast quantities of water as far as 620 miles (1,000 kilometres) below the surface.
Without this huge store of water, the geodynamic activity that causes volcanoes - which are important for generating soil and sustaining life on the planet - would cease.
Water covers around 70 per cent of the Earth's surface, but a huge amount also lies inside our planet. Two new studies suggest that there may be vast quantities of water as far as 620 miles (1,000 kilometres) below the surface
In the first study, researchers from Florida State University and the University of Edinburgh estimated that water exists far deeper in the Earth than previously thought, stored in a mineral called brucite.
Although the amount of water is unknown, researchers believe it could account for as much as 1.5 per cent of the weight of the planet - the same amount of water as all the world's oceans put together.
Mainak Mookherjee, who led the study, said: 'We didn't think water could be stored by hydrous minerals such as brucite at these depths.
'But now that we know it's there, we need to figure out how much water could be effectively stored inside it.'
In a parallel study, researchers from Northwestern University in Illinois suggest that this water is much deeper than any seen before, at a third of the way to the edge of Earth's core.
The researchers discovered a diamond, spat out 90 million years ago by a volcano near the São Luíz river in Juina, Brazil.
The diamond had an imperfection, containing minerals that became trapped during the diamond's formation.
When the researchers looked at it under the microscope, they saw evidence of the presence of hydroxyl ions - which normally come from water.
The nature of the imperfection suggests that it formed in the lower mantle.
Speaking to New Scientist, Steve Jacobsen, who led the study, said: 'This is the deepest evidence for water recycling on the planet.
'The big take-home message is that the water cycle on Earth is bigger than we ever thought, extending into the deep mantle.'
One of the studies suggests that brucite may go through a high-pressure phase, transporting water deeper into the realms, without decomposing
Water plays a key role in sustaining geological activity below the Earth's surface.
Dr Mookherjee told MailOnline: 'Water in the Earth's interior is crucial since it helps in mantle convection - a process by which solid rocks move from hotter to colder regions over geological time scales.
'If there was no water in the Earth's interior, mantle convection would be inefficient and would eventually cease.
'The surface expression of the mantle convection is plate motion (the process by which volcanoes are created).'
'Volcanoes play an important role in generating the Earth's crust on which we live.
'So if volcanic activity ceases then the crust formation will also stop and the planetary activities will eventually stop.'
In of the studies, the researchers discovered a diamond, spat out 90 million years ago (Yeah, right!) that showed evidence of water formed in the deep mantle layer of Earth
Dr Jacobsen added: 'Water mixes with ocean crust and gets subducted at convergent plate boundaries.
'Introducing water into the mantle promotes melting and weakens rock, likely helping out the motions of plates like grease.'
Without water, the movement of plate tectonics is affected, and could result in no more volcanoes. Volcanoes are important for generating soil, so all kinds of things would come to a stop
Previously, researchers from the University of Alberta suggested the water locked up could account for as much as 1.5 per cent of the weight of the planet – the same amount as in all the world's oceans put together.
The researchers now plan to determine whether this is the case, by performing additional simulations to better understand the physical properties of brucite at that depth.
link
Two studies found evidence of oceans of water in Earth's lower mantle
It is unclear how much water is being stored, but previous studies suggest it could be the same amount as all the oceans put together
Without this water, life on Earth would cease to exist
By SHIVALI BEST FOR MAILONLINE
PUBLISHED: 12:55 EST, 25 November 2016 | UPDATED: 13:03 EST, 25 November 2016
Water covers around 70 per cent of the Earth's surface, but a huge amount also lies inside our planet.
Two new studies suggest that there may be vast quantities of water as far as 620 miles (1,000 kilometres) below the surface.
Without this huge store of water, the geodynamic activity that causes volcanoes - which are important for generating soil and sustaining life on the planet - would cease.
Water covers around 70 per cent of the Earth's surface, but a huge amount also lies inside our planet. Two new studies suggest that there may be vast quantities of water as far as 620 miles (1,000 kilometres) below the surface
WHY IS DEEP WATER ON EARTH IMPORTANT?
Water plays a key role in sustaining geological activity below the Earth's surface.
Dr Mookherjee told MailOnline: 'Water in the Earth's interior is crucial since it helps in mantle convection- a process by which solid rocks move from hotter to colder regions over geological time scales.
'If there were no water in the Earth's interior, mantle convection would be inefficient and would eventually cease.
'The surface expression of the mantle convection is plate motion/tectonics will also stop.
'Volcanoes plays an important role in generating the Earth's crust on which we live.
'So if volcanic activity ceases then the crust formation will also stop and the planetary activities will eventually stop.'
Dr Jacobsen added: 'Water mixes with ocean crust and gets subducted at convergent plate boundaries.
'Introducing water into the mantle promotes melting and weakens rock, likely helping out the motions of plates like grease.'
Water plays a key role in sustaining geological activity below the Earth's surface.
Dr Mookherjee told MailOnline: 'Water in the Earth's interior is crucial since it helps in mantle convection- a process by which solid rocks move from hotter to colder regions over geological time scales.
'If there were no water in the Earth's interior, mantle convection would be inefficient and would eventually cease.
'The surface expression of the mantle convection is plate motion/tectonics will also stop.
'Volcanoes plays an important role in generating the Earth's crust on which we live.
'So if volcanic activity ceases then the crust formation will also stop and the planetary activities will eventually stop.'
Dr Jacobsen added: 'Water mixes with ocean crust and gets subducted at convergent plate boundaries.
'Introducing water into the mantle promotes melting and weakens rock, likely helping out the motions of plates like grease.'
In the first study, researchers from Florida State University and the University of Edinburgh estimated that water exists far deeper in the Earth than previously thought, stored in a mineral called brucite.
Although the amount of water is unknown, researchers believe it could account for as much as 1.5 per cent of the weight of the planet - the same amount of water as all the world's oceans put together.
Mainak Mookherjee, who led the study, said: 'We didn't think water could be stored by hydrous minerals such as brucite at these depths.
'But now that we know it's there, we need to figure out how much water could be effectively stored inside it.'
In a parallel study, researchers from Northwestern University in Illinois suggest that this water is much deeper than any seen before, at a third of the way to the edge of Earth's core.
The researchers discovered a diamond, spat out 90 million years ago by a volcano near the São Luíz river in Juina, Brazil.
The diamond had an imperfection, containing minerals that became trapped during the diamond's formation.
When the researchers looked at it under the microscope, they saw evidence of the presence of hydroxyl ions - which normally come from water.
The nature of the imperfection suggests that it formed in the lower mantle.
Speaking to New Scientist, Steve Jacobsen, who led the study, said: 'This is the deepest evidence for water recycling on the planet.
'The big take-home message is that the water cycle on Earth is bigger than we ever thought, extending into the deep mantle.'
One of the studies suggests that brucite may go through a high-pressure phase, transporting water deeper into the realms, without decomposing
BRUCITE STORES WATER
Water-transporting minerals, such as brucite, have limited stability, and decompose in the deep Earth.
As they decompose, they release water, which is recycled back to the surface via volcanic activity.
But this new study suggests brucite may go through a high-pressure phase, transporting water deeper below the surface, without decomposing.
Water plays a key role in sustaining geological activity below the Earth's surface.
Dr Mookherjee told MailOnline: 'Water in the Earth's interior is crucial since it helps in mantle convection - a process by which solid rocks move from hotter to colder regions over geological time scales.
'If there was no water in the Earth's interior, mantle convection would be inefficient and would eventually cease.
'The surface expression of the mantle convection is plate motion (the process by which volcanoes are created).'
'Volcanoes play an important role in generating the Earth's crust on which we live.
'So if volcanic activity ceases then the crust formation will also stop and the planetary activities will eventually stop.'
In of the studies, the researchers discovered a diamond, spat out 90 million years ago (Yeah, right!) that showed evidence of water formed in the deep mantle layer of Earth
Dr Jacobsen added: 'Water mixes with ocean crust and gets subducted at convergent plate boundaries.
'Introducing water into the mantle promotes melting and weakens rock, likely helping out the motions of plates like grease.'
Without water, the movement of plate tectonics is affected, and could result in no more volcanoes. Volcanoes are important for generating soil, so all kinds of things would come to a stop
Previously, researchers from the University of Alberta suggested the water locked up could account for as much as 1.5 per cent of the weight of the planet – the same amount as in all the world's oceans put together.
The researchers now plan to determine whether this is the case, by performing additional simulations to better understand the physical properties of brucite at that depth.
link
